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Posttranscriptional Modification of RNA | RNA processing | Biochemistry

This video provides a tutorial on the process of Posttranscriptional Modification of RNA or RNA processing in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Primary transcripts of rRNAs are cleaved by ribonucleases and trimmed by exonucleases to synthesize intermediate-sized rRNAs. mRNA processing in eukaryotes involves 1) addition of a 7-methyl guanosine cap at 5` end of pre-mRNA, 2) addition of a poly (A) tail at 3` end of pre-mRNA and 3) removal of introns from pre-mRNA. Processing of tRNA requires 1)the removal of 16-nulceotide sequence on 5` end of pre-tRNA by RNase P enzyme, 2) removal of uracil residues and replace them with CCA sequence on 3` end of pre-tRNA and 3) removal of introns from anticodon loop of pre-tRNA. The following topics are covered in this lesson, 1. rRNA processing in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes 2. mRNA processing in eukaryotes 3. Addition of a 7-methyl guanosine cap 4. Mechanism of addition of a 7-methyl cap 5. 5`-5` triphosphate linkage 6. 7-methyl guanosine 7. How are introns removed? 8. Mechanism of splicing 9. Spliceosome 10. Lariat formation of introns 11. Flanking or joining of exons 12. tRNA processing