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Biochemistry | anaerobic metabolism, lactate dehydrogenase mechanism

When oxygen is lower cells with use fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation Where in muscle cells for instance pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid. It is theorize that this is what cause muscle soreness Alcoholic fermentation can be performed by yeast where they can make ethanol (drinking alcohol) from acetylaldehyde. The most simple aldehyde. NADH is what reduces (Note that things that end in “-ate” lack protons and have (-) charge and those with “-acid” have a proton at the end (i.e Hydrogen) Note also that hydride e.g negative charge And in the reaction NADH uses it to reduce lactate. The mechanism is a nucleophilic attack and the carbonyl carbon that has a partial positive change on it due to the oxygen pulling the electrons away. Now u can think of in the following way since a hydride has minus charge and the carbonyl carbon has a partial positive charge they will interact. Since opposite charges attract. When NADH is oxidized it turns into NAD+ The structural change seen is an increase in the number of double bonds until you form a benze ring. The what prior to the reaction we just discussed (which is probably the only one you would have to memorize) The lone pair on the nitrogen on NADH basically move to the and cause the adjective bond to shift because carbon can form more than for bonds, it basically leads to the hydride being kicked off. Not sure but my guess is part of the reason this is able to have is because you form an extremely stable product. Benzene ring which is aromatic. due to the placement of the double bonds.