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Mu’awiyah, the Founder of the Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate (661-750)

Don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe. Find Al Muqaddimah at: www.AlMuqaddimah.com Support Al Muqaddimah Financially by Pledging a Dollar or More: www.Patreon.com/AlMuqaddimah Citations: [1] Tim Mackintosh-Smith, Arabs: A 3000-Years History – p. 125 [2] Ali Muhammad al-Sallabi, The Biography of Uthman ibn Affan – p. 13 [3] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 7 [4] Baladhuri, Ansab-LDV, no. 83, p. 30 [5] Sunan Abi Dawud, 2086 (Sunnah.com) [6] Hugh Kennedy, The Great Arab Conquests – literally any page [7] al-Tabari, XI – p. 81–83, 87–88 [8] al-Tabari, XII, 192–193 [9] Hugh Kennedy, Caliphate – See under “The Reigns of Abu Bakr and Umar, the First Caliphs [10] al-Tabari, XII, 183–85; Baladhuri-Hitti, I, 216–19. [11] Wilferd Madelung, The Succession to Muhammad – p. 60-61 [12] Hugh Kennedy, Caliphate – See under Uthman and the First Crisis of the Caliphate [13] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 51 [14] al-Tabari, XV, p. 26–27 [15] Hugh Kennedy, The Great Arab Conquests – p. 327 [16] Hugh Kennedy, The Great Arab Conquests – p. 328 [17] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 60-61 [18] Abdullah al-Udhari, Classical Poems by Arab Women – p. 78 [19] Tim Mackintosh-Smith, Arabs: A 3000-Years History – p. 216 [20] al-Tabari, XV – p. 164, 259, 261 [21] al-Tabari, XV – p. 136-38, 149–53, 185 [22] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 71 [23] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 74 [24] Hugh Kennedy, Caliphate – See under Ali and the End of the Orthodox Caliphate [25] Reza Aslan, No God but God – p. 134 [26] al-Tabari, XVI, 196–197 [27] Tim Mackintosh-Smith, Arabs: A 3000-Years History – p. 220 [28] al-Tabari, XVII, 85–86 [29] Martin Hinds, The Siffin Arbitration Agreement – p. 93-128 [30] Fred M. Donner, Muhammad and the Believers – p. 190 [31] Hannah-Lena Hagemann, The Kharijites in Early Islamic Historical Tradition – p. 137 [32] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 74 [33] “Maronite Chronicle” in Robert Hoyland’s Seeing Islam as Others Saw it – p. 138 [34] Fred M. Donner, Muhammad and the Believers – p. 167 [35] al- Tabari, XVIII – 23–24 [36] Hannah-Lena Hagemann, The Kharijites in Early Islamic Historical Tradition – p. 165 [37] Baladhuri, Ansab, II, 271 [38] Baladhuri-‘Abbas, IV/1, 206–208; also Tabari, XVIII, 78–81 [39] Wadad al-Qadi, Population Census and Land Surveys under the Ummayyads – p. 341-416 [40] Julius Wellhausen, The Arab Kingdom and Its Fall, p. 132–135 [41] “Maronite Chronicle” in Robert Hoyland’s Seeing Islam as Others Saw it – p. 138 [42] Hugh Kennedy, The Great Arab Conquests – p. 330 [43] Ibn Khaldun-Rosenthal, I, 421–423 [44] al- Baladhuri, Ansab-LDV, no.147, p. 54–55 [45] R. Stephen Humphreys, Mu'awiya ibn abi Sufyan: From Arabia to Empire – p. 121 [46] Baladhuri, Ansab-LDV, no. 83, p. 30 [47] Baladhuri, Ansab-LDV, no. 107, p. 38 [48] al-Tabari, XVIII, 198 [49] Sibt al-Jawzi al-Hanafi, Tazkirat al-Khawas – p. 191-192 [50] Chase Robinson, Abd al-Malik – p. 43 Disclaimer: The maps and flags in the video are not 100% accurate. Some maps and flags are difficult to find and so, are estimations. Music by epidemicsound.com If you had a problem with the video, or found something to be incorrect, please send me a message, rather than being a jerk and reporting it.