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Carbon - Tales from the Periodic Table

Carbon is the 6th element in the periodic table. It's the 4th most common element in the universe, and the 2nd most common element in our body by mass. It occurs in nature in many different pure forms, or allotropes, such as coal, graphite, and diamond, and can be artificially produced as fullerenes, graphene, and nanotubes. It forms the basis for a whole branch of chemistry, organic chemistry. Life would be impossible without it. In its diamond form it's the hardest element and can be used as an abrasive. In its graphite form, it's very soft and can be used as a lubricant! Carbon is an important part of the Sun's power-plant turning Hydrogen into Helium. One of its radioactive isotopes, Carbon-14, is used to date organic material.