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Diagnosing Primary Immunodeficiencies

Subtitles available in French, Spanish, Dutch, Danish, Arabic, Portuguese, Italian and Chinese (Simplified). To diagnose a primary immunodeficiency (PIDs, PI) or inborn error of immunity (IEI), doctors should be aware of common warning signs experienced by patients. PIDs are rare and chronic conditions that occur when some components of the immune system, mainly cells and proteins, do not work properly, or at all. Certain symptoms may raise a doctor's suspicion of a primary immunodeficiency. Health care professionals should be attentive to warning signs such as unusually recurrent, persistent or severe infections. These infections often affect the patients' airways, lungs, sinuses, ears, intestines, skin and eyes. Patients with primary immunodeficiency (inborn errors of immunity) can also suffer from non-infectious manifestations, such as allergy, autoimmune manifestations (e.g., arthritis), and autoinflammatory complications (e.g., granulomas). They can also develop malignancies. 💡 Three key steps to diagnosing a PID: Personal and family history, a full physical examination and biological tests. Biological tests may for example include complete blood count, lymphocyte subset analysis, evaluation of immunoglobulin levels and vaccine response. www.ipopi.org