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Dirac Conversation: Edward Witten

Dirac Medallist Edward Witten, professor emeritus in the school of natural sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, is interviewed by ICTP Director Atish Dabholkar. In this conversation they discuss the evolution of string theory over the years, as well as Witten’s contributions to the theory and his relationship with mathematics. Edward Witten was awarded the Dirac Medal in 1985 – the year the award was launched – “for stimulating contributions to quantum field theory, particularly with regard to the implications of new kinds of anomalies”. He shared the award with Yakov Zeldovich (1914-1987). The interview took place in June 2023, when Witten was at ICTP for the Huddle on Entanglement, Black Holes and Spacetime, during which he gave a public talk entitled “What every physicist should know about string theory”. 01:14 Connection between Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity 03:06 First superstring revolution 05:02 First successes of string theory 06:46 Evolution of string theory and the strings revolutions 09:34 Duality 10:28 1995 Strings Conference 18:32 The scientific value of string theory 21:58 Edward Witten’s connections with ICTP 22:48 What brought Edward Witten to physics 23:28 ICTP’s mission to make knowledge globally available 24:28 Science cooperation and ICTP’s role in the SESAME project 26:00 Edward Witten’s contributions to mathematics and the “unreasonable effectiveness of physics to mathematics” 29:58 The problem with understanding pure gauge theories 32:54 Michael Atiyah’s influence on Witten 44:50 The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics on physics