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A1C Test: Everything You Need To Know

. Chapters 0:09 Introduction 1:00 what does it measure 1:34 What are normal levels 2:00 who needs it 2:41 who can influence an A 1 c test 3:06 what does high Aic indicate • For people living with diabetes, monitoring blood glucose through finger-prick tests is the norm. • However, these tests, although necessary, are quite limited in measuring blood glucose as they only measure the current amount and do not indicate any trends. • This means that your overall blood sugar might be fine even if your current fasting levels are abnormal. • This is where the A1C test comes. • Introduced in the 1980s, the hemoglobin A1C test is important in monitoring diabetes as it helps check blood glucose levels over the previous two or three months. • The test is also used for screening and diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes. • It is convenient too, as it does not require a person to be fasting and can be given at any time. • Let’s look at the A1C test in detail: What Does it Measure? • The A1C test measures the amount of glucose attached to hemoglobin in the body. • Hemoglobin is the protein used by the body’s red blood cells to carry and transport oxygen. • Its typical lifespan lasts for around 3 months. • During this time, glucose attaches to it in the form of glycates. • Because of that, the presence of glucose can also be checked for up to 3 months. • If the glucose attached to hemoglobin is low, you will have low A1C and vice versa. What Are Normal Levels? • People with a glycated level of less than 5.6 are considered normal, with 5 being the usual amount for people without diabetes. • Levels between 5.6 and 6.4 indicate prediabetes. • A1C levels of 6.5 and above are considered to be an indication of diabetes. Who Needs It? • An A1C test provides a more extensive look into blood glucose levels than a finger prick test. However, most diabetics do not need frequent tests. • The finger prick tests are usually enough to give you a strong idea about your condition. • Frequent A1C tests are required if: 1. You are pregnant 2. Your treatment is being monitored and adjusted 3. You are dealing with type 1 diabetes 4. You and your doctor have certain blood glucose targets • However, one test is necessary for those with diabetes, prediabetes, or a family history of diabetes. What Can Influence an A1C Test? • A1C tests are often not reliable as they can give a reading of .5 higher or lower. • A doctor is likely to get the tests repeated to get an average reading to use, possibly ignoring abnormalities. • You might also get false results if you are suffering from anemia, liver diseases, or kidney diseases. What Does High A1C Indicate? • If your A1C test shows an abnormally high read, it usually indicates uncontrolled diabetes. • The conditions this places you at risk of include: 1. Kidney disease 2. Cardiovascular disease 3. Eye damage 4. Nerve damage 5. Numbness and tingling 6. Slower wound healing 7. Being weak against infections