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Bicuspid Aortic Heart Valve

In this episode, Professor Barlis introduces a relatively common congenital condition known as a bicuspid aortic valve. This condition is present from birth. It can occur with other heart defects. In bicuspid aortic valve, the valve has only two small parts, called leaflets, instead of the normal three. Over time, the valve leaflets may be thicker and stiffer than normal, too. That may cause aortic stenosis where the valve won't open as easily as it should when the heart pumps blood out into the aorta. Further, the bicuspid aortic valve can also be leaky. That allows blood to flow back into the heart when the heart relaxes, instead of flowing forward into the body the way it should. This process is called aortic regurgitation. Tests such as heart ultrasounds (echocardiogram) are useful to better assess the valve and help determine the best treatment strategy depending on the severity of valve disease.