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5 Times Supercontinents Caused Major Diversification & Devastation of Life | GEO GIRL

Ever wonder how many times supercontinents have formed throughout Earth's history? Because Pangea is not the only one! There have been several supercontinents through time, beginning over 3 billion years ago, all the way until Pangea, the most recent supercontinent which began breaking up around 200 million years ago. Each time supercontinents have formed in Earth's history, this has greatly affected Earth's geology, but also its chemistry (in the ocean and atmosphere) and biology by way of affecting atmospheric and ocean chemistry (aka: global climate). In this video, we go through all the supercontinents that have formed throughout Earth's history, and how these supercontinents have affected life, for example times when supercontinents caused mass extinctions and other times when they have caused biodiversification events! Hope you enjoy! :) 0:00 What is a supercontinent? 0:39 How supercontinents form 2:05 Controversial supercontinents 5:40 Supercontinents through time 9:06 How supercontinents affect life & climate 9:45 5 notable examples 10:43 #1 Snowball Earth & First Animals 13:34 #2 Ordovician Mass Extinction 14:56 #3 Permian Mass Extinction 19:02 #4 Triassic Mass Extinction 19:49 #5 Dino & Mammal Diversification 21:59 When will the next supercontinent form? References: Supercontinent cycle: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-021-00... Previous video over Snowball Earth:    • Did Snowball Earth Force Animal Evolu...   (and references therein) Previous video over Ordovician Mass Extinction:    • Ordovician Mass Extinction- Causes & ...   (and references therein) Previous video over End Permian Extinction (Great Dying):    • Cause & Impact of Largest Mass Extinc...   (and references therein) Previous video over Triassic Mass Extinction:    • Late Triassic Mass Extinction Causes ...   (and references therein) Previous video over mammal survival over dinos during KPg event and subsequent diversification:    • How Mammals Survived the Asteroid Imp...   (and references therein) Farnsworth et al., 2023 (future supercontinent & extinction): https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01... Supercontinents through time article: https://www.earth.com/earthpedia-arti... Steven Baumann's video on When Plate Tectonics Began (pt 1):    • Geo Files: When did Plate Tectonics B...   Steven Baumann's video on When Plate Tectonics Began (pt 2):    • Geo Files When did Plate Tectonics Be...   Stern, 2020- Tectonic regime evolution: https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG480A.1 GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, & donate to support the channel if you'd like!) Hey there, Earth enthusiast! Check my favorite Earth-friendly products: Bamboo toilet paper: https://shrsl.com/3cvku Bamboo paper towels: https://shrsl.com/3cvkw Compostable tableware: https://shrsl.com/3cvkz Compostable trash bags: https://shrsl.com/3cvl0 Bamboo cutlery + straw! : https://shrsl.com/3cwfl Eco-Friendly Tote (great for grocery shopping!): https://shrsl.com/3cwfp Reusable straws + cleaning brushes (my fav!): https://shrsl.com/3cwft Eco-friendly laundry detergent: https://shrsl.com/3cwgo Directly offset your carbon footprint with Wren: https://shrsl.com/3d0t2 (Just click link, press get started, take the free C footprint quiz, then choose how much you want to reduce your footprint by donating to the C sequestration projects they're funding!) Non-textbook books I recommend: Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny Some assembly required by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3w1Ezm2 Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb Oxygen by N. Lane: https://amzn.to/3z4FgwZ Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l Life's Engines: https://amzn.to/3w1Nhke Tools I use as a geologist/teacher/student: Geology field notebook: https://amzn.to/3lb6dJf Geology rock hammer: https://amzn.to/3DZw8MA Geological compass: https://amzn.to/3hfbdLu Geological hand lens: https://amzn.to/3jXysM5 Camera: https://amzn.to/3l6fGRT Carbon-neutral pencil bag: https://shrsl.com/3cvjv Carbon-neutral backpack: https://shrsl.com/3cvkc Disclaimer: Links included in this description might be affiliate links. If you purchase a product or service with the links that I provide I may receive a small commission, but there is no additional charge to you! Thank you for supporting my channel so I can continue to provide you with free content each week! And as always, let me know your topic suggestions in the comments down below!